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… BENEFITS WRITERS AND … like all other aspects of life, the digital … has taken on the world of … also. With digital … coming to the fore, the publishi

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E-PUBLISHING BENEFITS WRITERS AND ARTISTS

Just like all other aspects of life, the digital revolution has taken on the world of publishing also. With digital publishing coming to the fore, the publishing world has undergone several fundamental changes. Earlier, publishing was strictly related to paper. However, now paperless publishing or electronic publishing is gaining more prominence. Electronic publishing or ‘e-publishing in which books, journals and magazine are being produced and stored electronically rather than in print. These publications have all qualities of the normal publishing like the use of colours, graphics, and images and are much convenient also. Electronic publishing empowers all writers in way that no technology has ever done before. Whatever you write— fiction, poetry, news, how-to books or business documents— there are exciting things happening that will directly effect how you write and distribute work.

The digital revolution has not just benefit writers alone, but has also revolutionized the works of the artists, photographers, and other creative person. There are already hundreds of thousands of books and journals published in the digital format and their number is rising every day. People are looking at electronic publishing optimistically as it is going to play a pivotal role in the modern world of e-commerce. Electronic publications may be produced in a variety of formats, including online, on the disk or CD-ROM, as a fire that can be downloaded or transmitted via e-mail or as a file that that can be downloaded to a hand-held electronic reader or a similar device. Many e-publishers offer books in several of these formats. E-publishers produce and distribute new books, which are appearing for the first time and many only appear in electronic formats (though some may also be produced in a “books on demand” format as well).

Thus, e-publishing does not include the following type of electronic books production: providing electronic text versions of previously published works (such as classic literature, non-copyrighted material, or works that have entered the public domain), either online or on CD-ROM, offering on an electronic version of a book that is simultaneously being produced on print. In this case, the book would be considered a print publication, and the electronic edition would be considered a subsidiary form of publication. Electronic publishing is relatively a new concept, but offer a lot of opportunity to creative person, both for self-employment and regular jobs. The best part of this career is that since, every-thing has to be done on compute; those telecommuting can also pursue this career. These are many publishers, sites, and news wires, who want people to work from their home. The demand for such person in electronic publishing is more in B2V (business to business) portals where there are good revenues also.

As per a report, online services are worth $ 1053 million of the$ 8.1 billion business-to= business sector total and continue to expand. Therefore there lie many opportunities in a new media career within the business- to business arena with tremendous opportunities for growth. Moreover since the revenues from internet advertising are also on rise especially in the B2b sector, self employment in electronic publishing may also prove beneficial. According to the US bureau of labour ‘statistics’ occupational outlook hand-book ‘employment of desktop/ electronic publishing specialist is expected to grow average”. In fact, the outlook lists desktop publishing specialist as one of the 10 fasted growing occupations in the nation, with a 73 percent increase in the number of positions expected between 1998 to2008.

Contrary to other popular career for pursuing career in electronic publishing, you do not need any special degree or certificate as this career is absolutely based on a person’s own capabilities. But, degree or diploma in journalism or creative writing or a degree or diploma in web publishing can offer a decent platform to launch career in electronic publishing. However, if you wish to have that cutting edge in this career there are several courses available abroad both full-time and through distance learning for pursuing a career in electronic publishing.

There are many courses available on this fast track career, which can offer good opportunities in the field of electronic publishing. However for existing professionals in the field of electronic publishing, the career opportunities are even brighter as you can do a lot of work on freelance basic. There are many portals, which invite people to write the reviews of the services and product and mostly the professionals in electronic publishing deal with this job. Further, since conventional publishing involves a lot of money and also infrastructure, thus the professionals in this field would find electronic publishing an exciting opportunity to become publisher themselves as it neither does not involve big costs nor does it require huge infrastructure. Furthermore, there is a death of such professionals in the field of news wires and other online electronic publications all over the world. This concept is fast becoming popular in India also as a lots of online publications are coming in and thus day is not far when this career will also become a prominent career for professionals as will as other creative persons.

The atmosphere is a vital component of our planet, encompassing a complex arrangement of different layers. These layers of the atmosphere play a crucial role in the Earth’s climate, weather patterns, and the overall sustenance of life. Imagine if the Earth had no atmosphere – no protective shield to keep us safe. We’d be exposed to harmful radiation from the Sun, and there would be no air to breathe.

Structure of Atmosphere
Before we dive into the layers, let’s first understand the general structure of the atmosphere. The Earth’s atmosphere consists of a mixture of gases, with the two most abundant ones being nitrogen (about 78%) and oxygen (around 21%). The remaining 1% includes gases like argon, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other elements.

The atmosphere is divided into different layers, each with specific properties. These layers vary in terms of temperature, composition, and other characteristics. Think of the atmosphere as a multi-layered cake, with each layer serving its unique purpose.

Layers of Atmosphere
The layers of the atmosphere are given below,
Troposphere
The troposphere is the layer closest to the Earth’s surface, extending approximately 8 to 15 kilometers above the planet’s surface. In the troposphere, the temperature decreases with altitude as well weather phenomena such as clouds, storms, and rains occur here in this layer.It is colder at higher altitudes due to decreasing air pressure, averaging a decrease of 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer. The troposphere is of utmost importance as it is the layer we inhabit and where all life on Earth exists. It provides us with the air we breathe and shields us from harmful radiation.

Stratosphere
The stratosphere is located just above the troposphere and reaches up to approximately 50 kilometers (about 31.07 mi) above the Earth’s surface. Similar to the troposphere, the temperature in the stratosphere also increases with altitude. This phenomenon is attributed to the presence of the ozone layer, which absorbs most of the incoming ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun. The ozone layer acts as a protective shield, safeguarding life on Earth from the harmful effects of excessive UV radiation. Additionally, the stratosphere is a critical layer for air travel, as commercial airplanes fly within this region.

Mesosphere
Above the stratosphere lies the mesosphere, extending up to about 85 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. The mesosphere is characterized by extremely low temperatures, dropping to as low as -90 degrees Celsius. It is in this layer that meteors burn up upon entry, creating mesmerizing shooting stars. Furthermore, the mesosphere plays a crucial role in protecting the Earth from the impact of space debris. It also aids in transmitting radio waves for long-distance communication.

Thermosphere
The thermosphere is situated beyond the mesosphere and reaches an altitude of about 600 kilometers. In this layer, the temperature rises significantly due to the absorption of high-energy solar radiation. Although the thermosphere has extremely high temperatures, it is not noticeably hot due to the low density of molecules. This layer is essential for the operation of satellites and spacecraft, as it facilitates the transmission of radio signals and houses the International Space Station.

Exosphere
The exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. It extends from the top of the thermosphere to the edge of space. The exosphere is characterized by extremely low atmospheric pressure and a gradual transition into the vacuum of space. This layer contains a sparse distribution of gas molecules, primarily hydrogen and helium. It is here that gases escape into space, which has significant implications for studying the Earth’s long-term climate change.

Importance of Earth’s Atmosphere Layers

The following are the importance of atmosphere layer,
Troposphere: The troposphere is crucial for life on Earth because it contains the air we breathe. It also acts as a buffer, absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun.
Stratosphere: The stratosphere is vital because it contains the ozone layer, which shields us from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Without the ozone layer, life on Earth would be at risk from excessive UV exposure.
Mesosphere: The mesosphere plays a role in protecting us from incoming space debris by causing most meteors to disintegrate upon entry.
Thermosphere: The thermosphere is important for various reasons, including its role in helping satellites stay in orbit, as it’s where the International Space Station (ISS) orbits. It also enables the transmission of radio signals over long distances.
Exosphere: The exosphere marks the boundary between our planet and the vastness of space. It’s the layer that spacecraft must pass through to leave Earth’s atmosphere.
The layers of the atmosphere work together to regulate the Earth’s climate and provide a suitable environment for life to thrive. Each layer has its unique characteristics and importance, contributing to the delicate balance that sustains our planet. Understanding the structure and significance of these layers enables us to appreciate the intricacies of our atmosphere and the fascinating interplay between its different components.

We believe this article has provided comprehensive answers to your queries about layers of atmosphere. For further simplified explanations, we invite you to explore our Tutoroot blog section. Moreover, if you’re looking for top-notch online tutoring to boost your academic performance, Tutoroot is the perfect choice. Don’t hesitate; to click here to schedule a FREE DEMO with our highly experienced faculty members in your specific field.